Neuropatía diabética: Educación como esta Estrategia Terapéutica

Juan Valero; Maribel Osorio; María Sánchez; Freddy Contreras

doi:10.37910/RDP.2025.14.3.e432

Authors

Juan Valero Universidad Central de Venezuela https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2907-0623
Maribel Osorio Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-8006
María Sánchez Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Central de Venezuela https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2829-2125
Freddy Contreras Escuela de Enfermería. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Central de Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-3461

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37910/RDP.2025.14.3.e432

Keywords:

Diabetes mellitus, diabetic neuropathy, education, self-care, empowerment, self-efficacy

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of increasing prevalence characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a frequent complication that affects a significant portion of patients and is closely linked to inadequate glycemic control and other metabolic factors. The purpose of this review was to critically analyze the influence of education as an adjuvant strategy in the treatment of neuropathy in patients with DM. A narrative bibliographic review of primary articles in scientific journals published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted, using databases such as Medline (Pubmed), Proquest, EBSCO, Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, and SciELO. The key descriptors were diabetes mellitus, neuropathy, and therapeutic education in diabetes. The findings confirm that sustained hyperglycemia and other risk factors contribute to the development of DN, whose complex pathophysiology severely impacts the quality of life of patients. Education is a key component in the management of diabetes and the prevention of complications such as polyneuropathy. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory and self-care emerge as crucial tools for empowering patients, promoting self-adherence, and optimizing quality of life. In conclusion, education is an essential strategy for improving DM control and mitigating the impact of DN.

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